有机富硒肥对青钱柳叶中硒、微量元素及功效成分的影响

Effects of Organic Selenium Fertilizer on Selenium, Trace Elements and Active Components in Cyclocarya paliurus

研究了叶面喷施有机富硒肥对不同树龄青钱柳叶中硒、重要微量元素及皂苷、黄酮、多糖等功效成分的影响。试验设高、中、低3个喷施剂量组,每100 g有机富硒肥中硒含量分别为6000、3000、1500 mg。分别在4、6、8月对10年生大树和3年生小树进行喷施,5、7、9月采摘。采摘后测定青钱柳叶中硒、微量元素以及功效成分的含量。研究结果表明:叶面喷施可显著提高青钱柳叶中硒含量,硒含量最高可达7.31 mg/kg,是空白组的41倍,且青钱柳叶中硒含量与喷施剂量呈正相关性;青钱柳叶中硒含量与喷施时间有关,5月与7月叶中硒含量相当,9月叶中硒含量明显降低;10年生大树叶中硒含量高于3年生小树。喷施有机富硒肥后青钱柳叶中镁、锌、铬、镍、钒含量增加,锰、铜含量降低。功效成分皂苷、黄酮、多糖含量均有所提高,分别达到2.8%、8.9%、2.4%。

The effect of organic selenium fertilizer on contents of selenium, important trace elements and active components （saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides and so on） of Cyclocarya paliurus （Batal.） Iljinskaja of different growth years were investigated. Three selenium spraying contents （6000, 3000 and 1500 rag/100 g） were set and sprayed in April, June and August on 10-year-old trees and 3-year-old trees, leaves were sampled respectively in May, July and September. The contents of selenium, trace elements and active components were determined. The results showed that the spraying of organic selenium fertilize could significantly enhance selenium content in leaves, and the highest selenium content of leaves could reach 7.31 mg/kg, which was 41 times as much as that of CK, the selenium content in leaves were positively correlated to the spraying amount and affected by spraying time. Leave selenium content in May was similar to that in July, and significantly higher than that in September. Leave selenium content of 10-year-old trees was higher than that of 3-year-old trees. The content of Mg, Zn, Cr, Ni, V increased after the spraying of organic selenium fertilizer, but the content of Mn and Cu decreased. The content of saponins, flavonoids and polysaceharides increased by 2.8%, 8.9% and 2.4%, respectively.