高混凝土坝长期变形特性计算模型及监控方法研究进展

Advances in calculation models and monitoring methods for long-term deformation behavior of concrete dams

我国高混凝土坝工程在数量、高度和规模方面均位居世界前列,其长期安全性是社会关注的焦点。变形是混凝土坝结构性态的综合反映,尤其是长期变形,是评价大坝结构性态转异和长效服役健康状况的重要指标。在对我国混凝土坝工程建设现状和混凝土坝变形效应诱发事故进行阐述的基础上,评述了高混凝土坝坝体混凝土徐变特性、坝基岩体蠕变特性等计算分析,以及高混凝土坝长期变形安全监控与预警等的模型、方法研究现状。认为今后应加强多因素协同作用下混凝土坝结构性能演变、多场耦合作用下结构长期变形性态、补强加固措施提升性能等方面的深入研究,以确保高混凝土坝长效服役的安全性。

The total number, maximum height and engineering scale of concrete dams in China rank the first in the world, and their long-term safety is a focus of public attention. Deformation is a comprehensive performance of concrete dam structures, especially the long-term deformation, a key index for evaluation of the structure behaviors, health status, and their evolution of a dam in long-term service. This paper summarizes the state of arts in creep calculation models for dam concrete and foundation rock and in the methods and models for safety monitoring and early warning of high concrete dam long-term deformation, based on analysis of the latest construction of concrete dams in China and concrete dam failures caused by long-term dam deformation. To ensure the safety of concrete dams in long-term service, future studies should focus on three issues： evolution of structure performances under the coupling effect of multifactors, long-term structure deformation behaviors under the coupling effect of multi-fields, and evaluation of performance improvement under reinforcement measures.