互联网新型财产利益形态的法律建构——以流量确权规则的提出为视角

Legal construction of the new internet property interests from the perspective of the internet traffic right

对于财产利益形态的发现往往是时代变迁中法学研究的重大突破。在互联网发展进入平台时代后,流量成为市场主体争夺的利益形态。通过对典型行为的分析,可以认识到侵权乱象之源是流量在财产法上的地位缺失,流量应作为财产并获得法律保护。从法律角度看,流量是互联网企业通过对网站运营过程中,基于用户使用网络过程中所形成的一系列数据集合,其表现为以比特方式存在并借助数字化信息符号等电子形式存在于网络空间的财产。作为一种新型财产,流量具有经济价值性、无体无形性和可支配性。基于流量的法律属性决定了对其控制及支配方式的特殊性,将其纳入传统民法财产法体系并不妥当,应将其纳入信息权体系予以规范。在我国目前正在进行的民法典起草中,应对互联网新型财产权利进行规范,以包容之态面对科技创新所带来的人类财富价值形态的多样化。

The found of types of property interests is often deemed as a major breakthrough in the study of law in the change of the times. The Internet Industry has moved into the platform era and network traffic is being contested among market subjects. Through the analysis of typical behaviors,we concluded that network traffic could be given property attributes. And the flow of the property should be protected by law. From a legal point of view,the traffic is a series of user data collection which is formed during the Internet business website operation process. The network traffic presents in the form of bits and it stands for cyberspace wealth in the form of electronic information. The network traffic is characterized by several legal characteristics,such as economic value,intangibility and availability. Taking into account of the legal attribute,The network traffic should be incorporated into the information property system other than into the traditional property law system. In order to solve the problem of the conflict and abuse of property right,the information right should be incorporated into the civil legislation system. Meanwhile the relief system should adopt the liability doctrine. The new property rights should be into account during the drafting of the civil code in our country. The Legislative Branch shall adopt a tolerant attitude to deal with the diversity of property form brought by scientific and technological innovation.