大型超高水头船闸输水系统型式研究与展望

Research and Prospect on Filling and Emptying System of Shiplock with Large-scale and Super-high Head

高水头船闸输水水流携带巨大能量,可能对船闸输水系统运行安全及闸室内船舶停泊安全产生危害,选择合理的输水系统型式对保障工程安全至关重要。随着大型超高水头单级船闸——大藤峡船闸的开工建设,研究发现目前已成功运行的输水系统型式不能满足该工程需要,亟需消能效果更好的输水系统。结合大藤峡船闸工程相关研究,参考国内外已建高水头船闸输水系统布置的成功经验,总结了高水头船闸不同输水系统型式与船闸运行水头和闸室尺度规模的匹配关系,介绍了适应大藤峡船闸工程特点的自分流全闸室出水4区段等惯性输水系统型式,提出了消能效果更好的带内消能工的输水系统新体型,可供类似超高水头大型船闸的设计和研究借鉴。

The great stream power in shiplock filling and emptying system with high head may cause harm to the safety of shiplock operation and ship berthing. Choosing a proper type of filling and emptying system will be vital in guaranteeing engineering safety. With the construction of Datengxia shiplock which is a large single lift lock with super-high head,the existing filling and emptying systems cannot meet the shiplock requirement,and a system with better energy dissipation effect is in urgent need. According to relative researches on Datengxia shiplock and successful experiences in the layout patterns of shiplock＇s filling and emptying system with high head at home and aboard,we summarize the matching relations between shiplock type and operation head as well as chamber scale,and present a new dynamically balanced system pattern fit for the main features of Datengxia shiplock,with autonomic diversion outlets in the whole chamber at 4 zones. This new type of shiplock filling and emptying system with interior energy dissipation function can provide reference for the design and study of subsequent large shiplocks with super-high head.