基于最小平方误差的单倍体和二倍体分类方法研究

Classifying Method of Haploid and Diploid Based on Least Square Error

基于玉米油分的花粉直感效应,采用核磁共振鉴别单倍体,快速、准确、低成本地确定单倍体与二倍体之间的含油率阈值,是实现大批量自动鉴别的前提和关键。提出一种基于最小平方误差的单倍体和二倍体分类方法,通过少量籽粒确定含油率阈值的研究,对单倍体和二倍体进行识别。以10个玉米组合为研究对象,利用核磁共振分析仪测定各组合一定数量单倍体和二倍体籽粒的含油率,依据最小平方误差方法确定各组合油分阈值,并通过逐级递增训练集样本数量的方法,确定油分阈值所需训练集规模,获得含油率阈值,能够满足单倍体正确识别率及对二倍体正确拒识率的均值达到90%以上的要求,为核磁共振全自动单倍体鉴别系统的后期大规模分类提供参数指导,提高分选效率。同时因单倍体生产效率低,运用最小平方误差的方法,通过少量的单倍体及二倍体籽粒来构建油分鉴别单倍体模型,以较小的投入获得更优的分类效果在玉米单倍体自动化分选中具有非常重要的现实意义,将该分类方法应用到全自动核磁分选单倍体系统中,可以达到较好的效果,为加快单倍体工程化育种提供保障。

In the identification of haploid maize based on pollen xenia effect,it is of vital importance to determine oil content threshold between haploid and diploid rapidly, accurately and efficiently for automatic classification of haploid by automatic magnetic sorting system in large quantities. A new method based on the least square error was proposed to discriminate haploid from diploid maize seed. Aiming at10 crosses of maize,through incrementing the number of samples contained in each training set,the size of the training set which can get ideal recognition rate was determined. Principle of least square error used to classify haploid from diploid maize seed was described,and then several experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Seed oil content was measured by nuclear magnetic resonance（ NMR） analyzer in the experiments. The least square error method can rapidly determine oil content threshold between haploid and diploid with low amount of samples to realize the practical goal that the haploid correct recognition rate and the diploid correct rejection rate reached more than 90%, and it would provide parameters guidance for the haploid automatic nuclear magneticresonance（ NMR） verification system in the later large-scale classification and improve the efficiency of separation. It was very practical to obtain good classification result with low cost,and it would provide support for the development of haploid engineering.