烟台市民健康体检主动性现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of status quo of the initiative and its influence factors of Yantai public physical examination

目的了解烟台市民健康体检主动性现状，提出提高市民健康体检主动性的策略，为落实《烟台市健康服务业发展规划（2015--2020）》以及相关部门和领导制定卫生保健相关政策提供参考和依据。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法确定样本，统一培训调查员，按统一的方法和标准进行面对面问卷调查，并运用logistic回归对影响市民健康体检主动性的因素进行分析。结果共调查2227人，2043份问卷有效，有效率95．2％，统计结果表明，有9．01％的市民具有较强的定期健康体检主动性，17．87％的市民不会主动体检，其他市民是根据收入和健康状况选择体检。体检的主动性随着年龄增大（OR=1．723，P=0．0012）、收入的增加（OR=3．436，P〈0．0001）有所增长；以农业劳动者为参照，机关、企／事业单位人员体检主动性较高（OR=1．634，P=0．0099）。结论烟台市民健康体检主动性较低，体检主动性的高低-9年龄、从事职业、家庭收入水平等均有关系，建议加强市民健康教育引导，加强健康干预力度，在新医改的基础上加入健康体检项目，促进全民健康体检。提升部分人群体检主动性。

Objective To investigate the status quo of the initiative of Yantai public physical examination, to give some advices to improve the initiative of the public physical examination, and to provide reference and basis for the implementation of the ＂Yantai health service industry development plan （2020-2015）＂ and the heahh care policy-making of relevant departments and leaders. Methods Multi-stage sampling method was used to select samples, investigators were trained uniformly, and face to face questionnaire survey was used according to the unified method and standard. Results 2 227 members were investigated, and 2 043 questionnaires were effective. The effective rate was 95.2%. The resuh showed that 9.01% of the public had a strong initiative of regular physical examination, 17.87% of the public did not take physical examination initiatively, and the initiative of the rest members were based on income and health status. Along with the growth of age （ OR= 1. 723, P=0. 001 2） and in- come （OR= 3. 436, P〈0. 000 1 ）, the public possess more initiative of physical examination. Different occupations （OR= 1. 634,P = 0. 009 9 ） also made differences in the initiative of physical examination. Conclusion The initiative of Yantai public physical examination is relatively low, and it is related to age, occupations, income and so on. It is suggested to strengthen the guidance of public health education and health intervention. To promote the initiative of physical examination of a11 citizens, health physical examination should be added to the new medical reform.