元朝末期西藏地方政权盛衰与中央政府的关系

Relationship Between The Central Government And Tibet Region In Yuan Dynasty

有元一代,西藏地区占绝对统治地位的是萨迦派及其政权。元朝末期,萨迦派内部矛盾重重,逐渐失去对西藏的控制。帕竹派崛起,最终统一并控制了西藏的地方政权。在萨迦的衰落和帕竹的兴盛这个发展过程中,起主要作用的因素无疑是两派势力内部力量的强弱转换。然而,研究历史事实不难发现,元朝西藏地方政权的建立和维护,始终是在元政府统治之下进行的。本文试图通过对萨迦政权到帕竹政权的更替的探析,来阐明元朝中央政府与西藏地方政权的双向互动对西藏地方的发展起到了至关重要的作用。

Throughout the Yuan Dynasty,Sakya sect took an overwhelmingly dominant position in Tibet region. But in the late Yuan Dynasty,there were so many contradictions among Sakya sect that they gradually lost their control in Tibet region. Phagmodrupa sect rose abruptly and got command of Tibet local authority step by step. During the process of Sakya＇s decline and Phagmodrupa＇s rise,the inner Strength conversion of both sects was without doubt the main driving factor. According to the historical facts,however,we can see that the establishment and maintenance of Tibetan local authority was consistently under the control of the central government. This article tries to analyze the replacement between Sakya Regime and Phagmodrupa Regime,in order to illustrate that the relationship between the central government and Tibet local regime is of great significance to the development of the Tibetan region.