江西省血吸虫病传播阻断地区监测现状及面临挑战

Status and challenges for schistosomiasis in transmission-interrupted areas in Jiangxi Province

本文分析了江西省血吸虫病传播阻断地区疫情、监测现状与面临的挑战。当前全省共有血吸虫病传播阻断县(市、区)24个,其中有螺县(市、区)6个,血吸虫病流行村461个,流行村人口数129.28万人,自2009年后再无现症病人发现,均为历史晚期血吸虫病人,现有钉螺面积37.02 hm2。2015年起,监测实现了全覆盖,但目前还存在疫情不稳定、监测能力薄弱、对监测认识不足等问题。传播阻断地区走向"消除",监测工作应以螺情监测为主,流动人群监测为辅,加强能力建设,规范疫情报告,改变钉螺孳生环境。

This report analyzes the status of schistosomiasis epidemic,surveillance and challenges in transmissioninterrupted areas of Jiangxi Province. There are 24 schistosomiasis transmission interrupted counties（cities,districts）among 39 endemic counties（cities,districts）. Among the 24 counties,there are 6 counties with Oncomelania hupensis snails and 461 villages endemic,with 1.29 million residents. Since 2009,there have not been acute and chronic cases of schistosomiasis and all the patients are historical advanced schistosomiasis cases. The area with snail habitats is 37.02 hm2. Since 2015,the schistosomiasis surveillance has covered the entire transmission interrupted areas. However,there are still many challenges,such as endemic instability,weak surveillance capacity,lack of surveillance awareness and other issues. Towards the schistosomiasis elimination, the surveillance should be based on the snail monitoring mainly,supplemented by the mobile population monitoring,and in addition,the capacity building,standardized report of endemic,and snail habitat reform should also be further strengthened.