乡村景观的价值与可持续发展途径

The Value and Sustainable Development of Rural Landscape

乡村景观是人与自然相互作用的产物,展示了人类与自然环境的最直接和最根本的联系,展现了一个地区独特的自然条件和文化历史。过去的30年,中国乡村景观的变化速度惊人,一些具有较高文化价值和美学价值的传统乡村景观正在快速地消失,这一现象反映了乡村所面临的诸多问题和威胁。乡村景观的可持续发展应当建立在环境、经济、社会、建筑和景观的可持续之上。深入了解不同地区乡村景观的历史和特征,充分理解乡村景观所蕴含的人与自然的关系,深刻认识乡村社会和经济的复杂性,是风景园林师从事乡村景观保护与乡村地区建设活动的基础。

Rural landscape is the result of interaction between human and nature. It shows the most direct and fundamental connection between human and natural environment. It also shows the unique natural conditions and cultural history of a particular region. In the past 30 years, China＇s rural landscape has changed in a staggering speed, and some traditional rural landscapes which are considered to be of high cultural and aesthetic value are rapidly disappearing. These phenomena reflect the problems and threats that are now faced by the countryside. The sustainable development of the rural landscape depends on the environmental, economic and social sustainability, as well as the sustainable architecture and landscape. As landscape architects, we should be familiar with the history and features of rural landscapes in different regions, understand the relationships between human and nature implied by the rural landscape, and be conscious of the complexity of rural society and economy. These are the basis for the protection of rural landscapes and the implementation of construction activities in rural regions.