深圳市某蓄电池生产企业化学毒物职业危害风险评估

Health risk assessment of chemical toxicants in a storage battery production enterprise

目的对深圳市某蓄电池生产企业化学毒物职业危害进行风险评估,为蓄电池生产企业职业病危害关键控制点的风险管控提供依据。方法调查某蓄电池生产企业职业卫生现状和主要化学毒物种类,采用新加坡有害化学物质职业暴露半定量风险评估方法进行风险评估。结果该蓄电池生产企业中包板、装外壳、封盖、极组焊接、极组串联和端子焊接等岗位的铅尘、铅烟为高风险水平,加酸、清洗、封胶等岗位的硫酸、氢氧化钠和乙酸乙酯属于低风险水平。结论该蓄电池生产企业在目前的工作条件下,所存在的化学毒物可能对劳动者身体健康产生不良影响,其中需重点关注产生铅尘、铅烟危害的工作岗位,应根据不同风险水平采取不同的控制措施。

Objective To evaluate the occupational health risk due to exposure to chemical toxicants in a storage battery production enterprise in Shenzhen City and to provide orientation for the identification of critical control points and then control such occupational hazards.Methods Occupational health investigation on this battery production enterprise was done and all information on chemical use and related data of occupational health work were collected.The Singapore occupational exposure semi-quantitative risk assessment method was used to make health risk assessment.Results The risk caused by the lead dust and/or lead fume at working positions such as bales plate,packing,capping,polar group series connection,polar group and terminal welding was high,while the risk caused by the sulfuric acid,sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate at working positions such as adding acid,cleaning,sealing glue was low.Conclusion The enterprise should pay more attention to the health risk due to lead dust and/or lead fume and effective measures should be taken to protect the workers＇ health.