王沂孙咏物词与宋代科举诗赋

Wang Yisun 's Ci of Singing Natural Objects and the Poetry and Fu Written for the Imperial Examination of the Song Dynasty

时代之风和个人履历使宋元之交的王沂孙必然和科举考试有着千丝万缕的关系,科举诗赋的写作方式对其咏物词创作产生了一定影响。具体而言,二者存在着如下相似点:一是严守声韵;二是务求切题;三是讲究章法;四是工于赋对。当然这并不意味着否定二者存在的差异,也不是在否定其他因素对碧山咏物词创作的影响。

The social atmosphere and the personal record make Wang Yisun, who lived at the turn of the Song to the Yuan Dynasty, have close ties with the imperial examination. So his ci of singing natural objects was influnced by the poetry andfu （descriptive prose interspersed with verse） written for the imperial examination. They have similarities as follows：first, to obey the rules of tones and rhymes;second, to satisfy the commands of titles ; third, to pay attention to the structures of works ; and fourth, to be good at elaboration and antithesis. Of course, there are differences between the ci of Wang and poertry/fu used in the imperial examinations, and there are some other factors which had influenced Wang＇s ci.