鳄梨组织培养繁殖体系优化研究

Regeneration system establishment of Persea americana

为满足市场需求,以鳄梨饱满茎段为外植体采用组织培养方法进行优质种苗繁育,对于该种的产业发展和应有具有重要意义。试验筛选了无菌株体系建立、诱导潜伏芽萌发、丛生芽继代增殖和生根培养较适培养基配方。结果表明:诱导鳄梨无菌株系建立较适培养基为WPM+1.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.3 mg·L^(-1)NAA+0.5 mg·L-1ZT+2%蔗糖+0.2%活性炭+0.65%琼脂;诱导潜伏芽萌发较适培养基为WPM+2.0mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.5mg·L^(-1)NAA+1.0 mg·L^(-1)ZT+2%蔗糖+0.2%活性炭+0.65%琼脂,诱导出芽率达到54%;丛生芽继代增殖培养较适培养基为WPM+3.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.3 mg·L^(-1)NAA+1.0 mg·L^(-1)ZT+2%蔗糖+0.2%活性炭+0.65%琼脂,增殖率达到3.70;幼苗生根较适培养基为1/2WPM+0.5 mg·L^(-1)IBA+0.5 mg·L^(-1)NAA+2%蔗糖+0.2%活性炭+0.65%琼脂,生根率达到90%。炼苗移栽60 d后成活率为96%。该试验获得的培养基配方,可培养出完整植株,短期内获得大量优质种苗。

To meet the need of Persea americana tissue culture, biotechnology was used to provide substantial good quality tissue culture seedlings, which is significant for the industry development and applic ation. Taking stem segments of mutant strains of P. americana as explants, optimum medium for sterile strains establishment, latent bud germination, bud multiplication, and rooting were selected. The results revealed that：the optimum medium of sterile strains establishment was WPM＋1.0 mg-L-16-BA＋0.3 mg-L-1 NAA＋0.5 mg-L-1ZT＋2% sugar＋0.2% activated carbon＋0.65% agar; the optimum medium of latent bud germination was WPM＋2.0 mg-L-16-BA＋0.5 mg-L-1NAA＋1.0 mg-L-1ZT＋2% sugar＋0.2% activated carbon＋0.65% agar, with a bud induction rate to 54%; the optimum medium of bud multiplication was WPM＋3.0 mg-L-16-BA＋0.3 mg-L-1NAA＋1.0 mg-L-1ZT＋2% sugar＋0.2%activated carbon＋0.65% agar, with a reproduction rate up to 3.70;the optimum medium of root culture was 1/2 WPM＋0.5 mg-L-1 IBA＋0.5 mg-L-1 NAA＋2% sugar＋0.2% activated carbon＋0.65% agar, with a rooting rate of 90%. The survival rate was 96% after transplanted for 60 d. The culture formula in the research can produce complete plantlet and gain lots of high quality seedlings in a short term.