意大利外交政策及其在欧盟中的新角色——政党政治的分析视角

Italian Foreign Policy and Its New Role in the EU:A Party Politics Approach

冷战后意大利外交政策受到国内政党政治影响,在多边主义和单边/双边主义之间左右摇摆。2014年中左联盟的民主党领导人伦齐担任意大利总理后,意大利的外交政策再次倾向欧盟和多边主义,同时显现出实用主义的趋向。与伦齐同党派的意大利人莫盖里尼担任欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表,其外交风格与伦齐形成呼应。目前意大利正在加强欧盟对外政策中的影响力,以应对乌克兰问题、中东北非的安全与难民危机,以及欧盟债务问题。伦齐、莫盖里尼给意大利外交带来了正面影响,但其政策前景仍然受制于不稳定的国内政局。政党政治的视角有助于我们理解欧盟成员国的对外政策及其与欧盟的关系。

Under the influence of domestic party politics,the guiding principle of Italian foreign policy in the post-Cold War period has been swaying between multilateralism and unilateralism / bilateralism. Since Matteo Renzi,leader of the central-left Democratic Party,became Prime Minister in 2014,Italy's foreign policy turns to the EU and multilateralism as its focus once again,and at the same time,it takes on a pragmatic problem- solving approach. At the EU level,Federica Mogherini,the High Representative and one of the members of Italian Democratic Party,has demonstrated similar style with PM Renzi in dealing with the EU's foreign affairs and security policy.Italy is attempting to wield its influence on the EU's foreign policy-making in order to address the security and migration crises in Ukraine and North Africa and Middle East,as well as the European debt crisis. With the leadership such as Renzi and Mogherini,the Italian foreign policy has been progressing smoothly. However,its future development is still restrained by the volatile domestic politics. A party politics approach could help us understand foreign policy making of the EU member states and their relations with the Union.