基于生物学核心素养的高考命题研究

Research on Item Development for the College Admission Test of Biology Based on Core Competence

生物学核心素养由生命观念、理性思维、科学探究和社会责任组成,这些要素具有跨学科性质,但在生物学科中具有独到的价值。阐释这些要素在生物学的定义和价值,为"基于生物学核心素养"而进行的高考命题指明了方向。高考中既要考查四个素养的不同层次,又要着重考查理性思维和科学探究,并且尽量在真实的情境中作答,还要改变考题的呈现形式,以充分利用好"高考指挥棒"的作用,为发展学生的生物学核心素养这一生物学课程的根本目的服务。

The components of core competence in biology, namely perception of life, rational thinking, scientific inquiry and social responsibility, which are interdisciplinary in nature, have a unique value in the subject. A delineation of the definition and value of the components paves the way for developing items for the college admission test of the subject based on core competence. The test will not only tap different levels of the four components but also make a special effort to tap rational thinking and scientific inquiry, hopefully in authentic contexts. And presentation styles of test items should be adapted as well, so as to give full play to the test as a ＂baton＂ for biology instruction and help to cultivate students＇ core competence, the ultimate goal of instruction of the school subject.