白银市2005-2015年流行性感冒监测分析

Analysis on influenza surveillance in Baiyin, 2005-2015

目的了解白银市2005-2015年流感流行特征,评价监测工作进展,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法收集流感常规疫情报告、哨点医院监测、暴发疫情监测资料以及病原学检测结果,使用Excel 2010和SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果白银市2005-2015年共报告流感病例6161例,年均报告发病率为31.91/10万,局部暴发疫情、流感大流行与全市发病率增高密切相关。哨点医院报告流感样病例（ILI）16888例,年均ILI就诊百分比（ILI%）为1.52%,各年度ILI%、两家医院ILI%的差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=3144.424,P〈0.01;χ^2=489.758,P〈0.01）;ILI流行高峰与流感暴发疫情高峰期基本相同;ILI核酸检测阳性率为15.96%,病毒分离率为17.33%,各年度核酸检测阳性率、毒株型别构成比的差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=488.533,P〈0.01;χ^2=537.383,P〈0.01）。全市报告42起ILI暴发疫情,主要发生在中小学校,病毒型别为甲型H1N1型、B型、季节性H3N2型。结论白银市流感监测工作取得一定成绩,还需加强哨点医院监测、学校暴发疫情的监测与防控工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Baiyin from 2005 to 2015, evaluate monitor progress, provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control. Methods The influenza regular reports,sentinel hospital and outbreak surveillance data, pathogen detection results were collected, using Excel 2010 and SPSS19.0 software for statistical analysis. Results From 2005 to 2015, A total of 6161 influenza cases were reported in Baiyin,the average annual incidence rate was 31.91/lakh, the local outbreaks and influenza pandemics was closely related to increased incidence. During 11 years, 16888 influenza like illness cases were reported by the sentinel hospitals, the average annual percentage of ILI was 1.52%, the difference in each year ILI% and two sentinel hospitals ILI% were statistically significant（ χ^2=3144.424,P〈0.01; χ^2=489.758,P〈0.01）; the epidemic peak of ILI and influenza outbreaks were the same. ILI nucleic acid detection positive rate was 15.96%, the virus isolation rate was 17.33%, the difference in each year nucleic acid detection positive rate and virus isolation rate were statistically significant（ χ^2=488.533, P〈0.01;χ^2=537.383, P〈0.01）. A total of 42 ILI outbreaks were reported, they occurred mainly in primary and secondary schools,the virus type were influenza A H1N1 type, B type, seasonal H3N2 type. Conclusion The influenza surveillance has made some progress in Baiyin, the need to strengthen sentinel hospitals surveillance, schools outbreaks monitoring and control.