黄河流域近10a地表水质变化趋势研究

Study on Surface Water Quality Variation Trend of Yellow River Basin in Recent 10 Years

采用国家地表水环境质量监测网2006—2015年的数据,对黄河流域近10 a地表水环境质量的变化趋势进行了初步分析。结果表明:黄河流域水质总体呈好转趋势,水污染防治主要减排指标化学需氧量和氨氮浓度年平均值均呈显著下降趋势;黄河干流水质一直保持优良,主要支流由重度污染转为轻度污染;沿黄各省(区)除了甘肃和内蒙古的化学需氧量有所升高外,其余各省(区)化学需氧量和氨氮的年均浓度值均呈波动下降趋势;污染物排放量的逐年递减和地表水资源量的增加是黄河流域近10 a地表水质改善的重要原因。

Based on the data from 2006 to 2015 of surface water environmental quality monitoring network in China,the surface water quality variation trend in recent 10 years of the Yellow River basin was analyzed. The overall water quality of the Yellow River basin shows a trend of improvement. The annual mean value of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen concentration in water pollution control index are significantly decreased. The Yellow River water quality has been good. The main tributaries vary from severe pollution to light pollution. The annual average concentration of ammonia nitrogen of each province along the Yellow River shows fluctuating downward trend. In addition to Gansu and Inner Mongolia,chemical oxygen demand of the rest of the provinces also shows fluctuating downward trend. The decrease of pollutant emission and the increase of surface water resources are the important reasons for the improvement of surface water quality in the Yellow River basin in recent 10 years.