广西钦州市贫困大学生自测健康状况及影响因素分析

Self-reported health condition and its influencing factors among impoverished undergraduates in Qinzhou City,Guangxi

目的了解广西钦州市贫困大学生的心理健康状况,为以后针对贫困大学生心理辅导提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对广西钦州521名贫困大学生,使用自测健康评定量表及生活事件量表,通过方差分析、多重线性回归分析探究大学生自测健康的影响因素。结果共调查521人,其中男生136人(26.10%),女生385人(73.90%),自测健康状况平均得分为(68.92±10.16)分。男女学生在日常生活功能方面、正向情绪维度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);角色活动与社会适应维度上,理科生(29.07±5.40)高于文科生(27.88±6.78),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自测健康评定量表的总分、生理健康子量表年级上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,年级、恋爱失败破裂、欠债500元以上、家庭成员重病或重伤、家庭成员死亡、本人重病或重伤、工作学习压力大、被人误会错怪诬告议论是影响大学生自测健康状况的重要因素。结论广西钦州地区贫困大学生心理健康状况较差,应重视对贫困生的心理疏导和帮助。

Objective To investigate the health condition of impoverished undergraduates in Qinzhou City of Guangxi and provide scientific basis for interventions. Methods By cluster sampling, 521 impoverished undergraduates were measured by Self-reported Health Measurement Scale Version and Life Event Scale, the data were analyzed by muhiple linear regression analysis to analyze related factors of self-reported health condition. Results A total of 521 impoverished undergraduates were investigated, 136 were male （26. 10% ）, 385 were female （73.90%）, the average score of SRHMS was （68.92 ±10. 16）. The significant differences were found in daily life activities and negative emotion （P〈 0. 05）. The role of activity and social adaptation dimensions, the score in science major was （29. 07 ±5.40） points, higher than liberal arts （ 27.88 ±6. 78 ） points, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The difference of grades between self testing health rating scale seores and physical health was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the self-reported health condition in the impoverished undergraduates were influenced by grade, failure in relationships, debt burden, serious illness, serious injury and death of family members or oneself, work and learning pressure, being misunderstood by others. Conclusion The health condition is not good in impoverished undergraduates of Qinzhou City and psychological intervention and help should be highly emphasized.