缺失的理论

Missing Theory

由于对民俗学政治性的关注,1960年代以来文化批评开始将民俗学书写看作是一种文类,指向民俗学的文本批评和政治立场批评。不仅知识生产碎片化,批评也日益碎片化且失去有效性,批评占据了道德高地,但同时失去了理论关怀。对民俗资料的阐释与分析仅仅沦为素材,对评论的评论反倒成为关注的中心。这很大程度上是人类学和民俗学内部发生文学转向的结果。"理论"是一种有关世界的表述类型,它有以下独特属性:即有趣性、可信性、概括性、可验性。理论应该根植于对导向性主题的审查,而非根植于对民俗学者自己的审查。民俗学者应该从文化批评的迷思中走出去,直面对民俗学真正有重大意义的理论构建力量。

Concerning on the political nature of Folklore,the cultural critique starts to recognize Folklore writing as a kind of genre from1960 s,which directs to the textual critique and political critique.Not only knowledge production becomes fragmentary,but is the critique gradually fragmentary and loses its effectiveness.Critiques occupy the moral high ground,while missing theory.The value of folklore research and interpretation is increasinglyconsidered as the fodder,while the commentaries on commentaries move to a central position.It is largely a result of a literary turn inside anthropology and folkloristics.Theory is a type of statement about the world that has several distinct properties.It is:(1)interesting,(2)plausible,(3)generalizable,and(4)testable.Theory roots in the scrutiny of our purported subject matter more than in the scrutiny of ourselves.Folklorists should walk out from culture critique,and straightly face the power of significant theory constructing.