高考英语听力测试与PETS-2听力测试内容效度对比研究(2011—2016)

A Comparative Study on the Content Validity of National Matriculation English Test and PETS-2 Listening Tests(2011-2016)

随着新时代对英语听说能力要求的提高,高考英语听力测试改革成为大势所趋。目前,部分省市采用PETS-2代替高考英语听力,引起了社会广泛关注。但是两项测试有何异同、是否能互相替换,目前几乎没有相关研究。本文基于Bachman&Palmer的任务特征模式,从语篇输入、预期回答、输入与预期回答的关系3个方面,对2011—2016年高考英语全国卷Ⅰ和PETS-2听力测试的内容效度进行了对比研究。结果表明:两项听力测试的内容效度都较高,基本符合各自考试大纲的要求,但PETS-2听力比高考英语听力语速更快、长度更长、难度更大;两项测试对考生听力能力的要求都在逐年增高。文章也发现了两项测试存在的一些不足,如语篇长度不够均衡,平均语速稍高于考试大纲的要求等。

With the increasing demand of listening and speaking ability in new times, the reform of National Matriculation English Test （NMET） listening tests has become the unavoidable tendency. Currently, some provinces and cities adopt PETS-2 listening tests to replace the original NMET listening tests,which arises wide social concerns. But what are the similarities and differences between these two tests？ Can they be substituted for each other directly？ Now there are nearly no related studies. Therefore, this paper makes a comparison on the content validity of NMET and PETS-2 listening tests administered between 2011 and 2016 based on the framework of test task characteristics put forward by Bachman ＆ Palmer, which mainly includes three aspects ： the input,the expected responses,and the relationship between the input and the expected responses. The findings of the study suggest that these two tests have high content validity and basically be in accordance with the requirements of the corresponding testing syllabuses. But the comparison of the two tests shows that PETS -2 listening test has faster speech rate,longer text and be more difficult than NMET listening test;Besides, diachronically speaking, both tests have increasing demand on the test-takers’ listening competence. Meanwhile, some shortcomings of the two tests are also found in the study, for example, the length of listening tests is not balanced each year, the average speed is slightly faster than the requirement in the testing syllabus, etc.