电子皮肤触觉传感器研究进展与发展趋势

Research progress and development strategy on tactile sensors for e-skin

从介绍人类皮肤的触觉感知性能出发,全面综述了国际上多学科领域模拟人类皮肤的电子皮肤触觉传感器研究进展与关键技术;分析讨论了电子皮肤触觉传感器的工作原理、新型材料和结构、先进设计制作方法、触觉传感特性和性能指标等方面内容;重点总结了国内外近年来在电子皮肤阵列触觉传感器柔性化、弹性化、空间分辨率、灵敏度、快速响应、透明化、轻量化和多功能化等方面的研究进展.指出了电子皮肤触觉传感器的研究依然存在着难以兼顾高柔性和高弹性、高灵敏度电子皮肤设计制作工艺复杂,可扩展性差和成本高等技术难题.电子皮肤触觉传感器可广泛应用于机器人、医疗健康、航空航天、军事、智能制造和汽车安全等领域,正朝着高柔弹性、宽量程的高灵敏度、多功能、自愈合与自清洁、自供电与透明化等方向发展.

Starting from the tactile sensing performance of human skin,the progress and key technologies of tactile sensors for e-skin（ electronic skin） akin to human skin by multidisciplinary fields are comprehensively reviewed.The sensing principle,new materials and structures,advanced design and making methods,sensing characteristics and performance of tactile sensors are analyzed. The recent domestic and foreign research advances of electronic skin tactile sensor array in flexibility,elasticity,spatial resolution,sensitivity,fast response,transparency,lightweight,multifunction and other aspects are summarized. It is difficult to achieve the tactile sensors for e-skin with high stretchable and flexible,less complex production process for high sensitivity e-skin,strong extensibility and low cost. The tactile sensors for e-skin can be widely used in robotics,medical health,aeronautics and space military,intelligent manufacturing,automotive security and other fields. The development of tactile sensors for eskin toward the direction of high stretchable and flexible,high sensitivity in wide range,multifunction,self-healing and self-cleaning,self-powered and transparent,has been pointed out.