南京地区宠物犬肿瘤临床病理学诊断与发病分析

Clinic histopathological diagnosis and carcinogenic factors analyses of tumors in pet dogs in Nanjing area

从南京地区多家宠物医院共收集35例犬肿瘤门诊病例,了解宠物犬肿瘤临床发病情况,并对致瘤因素进行分析。侧重了解病例临床病史及症状表现,并对肿瘤类型进行组织病理学分析,研究患犬品种、年龄、性别及饲养管理等因素对肿瘤发病的影响。结果表明,犬临床常见的肿瘤多发于7个组织部位,其中以乳腺肿瘤的发病率最高(31.43%),其次为皮肤肿瘤(25.71%);各品种犬均可发生肿瘤,小型犬肿瘤发病率略高于中大型犬,其中贵宾犬肿瘤发病率最高(20.00%),且主要为乳腺肿瘤。患犬年龄从10月龄至17岁不等,平均发病年龄为8.98岁,中老年犬仍为主要发病群体,但低龄犬发病数量上升;部分肿瘤发病与患犬品种、性别及绝育状况有关;饮食习惯也会影响肿瘤发病率。

Thirty-five tumor cases of pet dogs from several animal hospitals in Nanjing were examined,with the aim of understanding the epidemiology and analyzing their carcinogenic factors. The study focused on clinical history and conditions,and tumors were classified based on histopathology diagnosis. In the meantime,other factors such as dogs＇ breeds,age,gender and breeding management condition were also statistically analyzed. The results indicated that tumors were mainly located in seven tissues including mammary gland,skin,soft tissue,oral,testis,uterus and ovary and bladder. Mammary gland tumors were the most common（ 31. 4%）,followed by skin tumors（ 25. 7%）. All breeds were susceptible to tumors though the incidence in small dogs was higher than the middle and large size dogs. Poodles had the highest tumors incidence（ 20%） with most of the tumors being located in mammary glands. The age was from 10 months to 17 years,with an average age of tumor onset being 8. 98 years. This finding indicated that the middle and old age groups were at high risk,but the number of young dogs with tumors was being increased. Other factors such as breeds,gender and sterilization conditions related to the occurrence of some special tumors. Furthermore,diet composition affected tumors incidence.