抗战时期国民政府的黄泛战略述评

Review on KMT Government Strategy Concerning Yellow River Flooding during Anti-Japanese War

1938年黄河决堤后,在军事第一的原则下,国民政府采取筑堤防水、堵决放水、规范民堤等一系列措施,利用黄泛区进行军事防御和打击敌人。黄泛战略是中日双方长期在黄泛区军事对峙的产物,其推行具有一定的盲目性,耗费了大量的人力物力,破坏了环境,使得民生凋敝。黄泛战略的军事作用有限,没有能够阻止日军从黄泛区进攻。从根本上讲,黄泛战略的消极影响是日军侵略造成的,体现了抗战的艰辛和无奈。

The KMT Government formulated the strategy for Yellow River Flooding after the breaching of its dyke in1938. It involved the principle of giving priority to military needs and a series of measures such as building levees against floods,blocking or releasing water and regulating civil embankments. That was the government＇s means to conduct military defense and to fight invading enemy by taking advantage of flood-hit areas. The Yellow River strategy was a product of the long-term Sino-Japanese military confrontations in that region. It cost a lot of human and material resources; it aggravated the burden of the people and the destruction of environment; and it played a rather limited role as far as military effects were concerned and it did not stop the Japanese attack from the Yellow River flood areas. Fundamentally speaking,the negative effects of the strategy were brought about by the Japanese invasion and they also demonstrated what difficulties the Chinese people encountered in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.