我国安宁疗护的发展现状、存在的问题及发展前景

Developing situation, existing problems and prospects of palliative care in China

安宁疗护是为患有不可治愈的严重疾病和终末期慢病的患者及家属提供的减轻其不适与痛苦，改善生活质量的医疗护理服务。安宁疗护关注患者的生命质量，关乎医学的价值取向和社会的文明进步，是一个重要的民生问题。然而，目前我国的安宁疗护还存在着社会认知度低、服务供给不足、专业队伍尚未建立等多方面的问题。本文通过对安宁疗护国内外发展现状及我国安宁疗护工作中存在的问题进行阐述，从而对未来的工作提出建议，希望可以增加人们对安宁疗护的了解，改变人们对生命终末期的态度和理念。

Palliative care is a kind of medical nursing service that provide for patients with severe incurable disease or chronic disease at the final stage and their family members, to relieve their discomfort and pain, and improve their quality of life （QOL）. Palliative care pays attention to the patients′ QOL, and it is important to the medical value orientation and the civilization and progress of society, so it is an important livelihood issue. However, there are still some problems such as low social cognition, insufficient supply of service, and no professional team in the palliative care of our country. This paper put forward some suggestions for the future work through elaborating the existing problems in the developing situation of palliative care home and abroad. We hope that this can reinforce people′s understanding to palliative care, and change human′s attitude and idea about the terminal stage of life.