发酵木薯渣替代部分玉米对湖羊生长性能、血清生化指标、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

Effects of substitution of corn and fermented cassava residue in the diet on growth,carcass characteristics and meat quality of Hu lamb

本研究旨在探索发酵木薯渣在湖羊日粮中替代部分能量饲料(玉米)的可行性,并确定最佳替代比例。选择48只体重为(18.35±1.39)kg的湖羊公羔,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复3只羊,分别用发酵木薯渣替代0%(对照组)、20%(A组)、40%(B组)、60%(C组)玉米的日粮进行饲喂,试验期60d。在试验开始和结束时测定羔羊生长性能,并采集血液样品进行分析,同时在试验结束时进行屠宰试验,测定屠宰性能以及肉品质。研究结果表明,A组湖羊的平均采食量(ADFI)显著高于对照组和B组(P<0.05),日增重(ADG)的变化趋势为A组>B组>对照组(P>0.05),A组和B组的料重比(F/G)有低于对照组的趋势(P>0.05)。而C组湖羊由于腹泻严重,于试验开始2周后将其淘汰。A组的宰前活重、胴体重、肝、瓣胃和肾的重量显著大于对照组和B组(P<0.05),而各组其他内脏器官无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组湖羊的血液生化指标和肉品质均无显著差异(P>0.05)。B组的肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸等饱和脂肪酸的含量显著低于A组(P<0.05),而B组的十七烷酸和花生酸的含量显著高于A组和对照组(P<0.05),其他种类的脂肪酸无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,利用发酵木薯渣替代20%玉米对湖羊公羔的生长发育和健康无不良影响,且能降低饲料成本,育肥效果最好。因此,将发酵木薯渣作为湖羊的饲料来源是完全可行的。

To evaluate the optimal replacement ratio of energy source（mainly corn）with fermented cassava residue in diets of Hu lambs at 3months of age 48 Hu lambs[（18.4±1.4）kg liveweight]were randomly divided into four groups with 4replicates（3lambs in each replicate）,and fed diets containing 0（control）,20%（A group）,40%（B group）,and 60%（C group）fermented cassava residue in place of the normal diet of corn.The experiment lasted for 60 d.Growth and blood biochemical indices were determined after feeding for 60days;four lambs of each group were killed to measure slaughter performance and meat quality.Lambs in group C were removed from the trial after 2weeks due to animal health problems.The results showed that the average daily feed intake of lambs in A group was significantly higher than that of B group and the control（P〈0.05）.Both A and B group lambs had improved feed：liveweight gain ratios compared with the control group（P〉0.05）.Liveweight,carcass weight and the weight of the liver,abomasum and kidney＇s in A group were significantly higher than the control and B group（P〈0.05）.There were no treatment differences（P〉0.05）in blood serum biochemical indices and meat quality.Saturated fatty acids,including myristic acid and palmitic acid in B group lambs were significantly lower than in A group;heptadecanoic acid and arachidic acid in B group lambs were significantly higher than A group and control lambs（P〈0.05）.The optimal replacement rate of corn with fermented cassava residue in Hu lamb＇s diet was 20%,a substitution rate which is feasible based on feed costs.