油气矿业权市场化改革对策研究——基于利益相关者的博弈分析

A Study on Measures to Push Oil & Gas Mining Right Market-style Reform——Based on Game Analysis of Stakeholders Theory

油气矿业权市场化改革是我国油气领域改革的重要任务。然而,我国油气矿业权市场化改革进展缓慢,主要原因是油气矿业权市场中各利益相关者之间存在利益不平衡和利益冲突,即油气矿业权市场化改革的关键是如何处理好各利益相关者的关系。以利益相关者理论为基础,确定了油气矿业权市场中的核心利益相关者为中央政府、地方政府和矿业权主体,并构建中央政府与地方政府完全信息动态博弈模型以及中央政府与矿业权主体的博弈模型。中央政府在油气矿业权市场化改革中采取的策略会影响中央政府、地方政府两者的效益,地方政府是否配合取决于利益分配是否合理。中央政府要想获取更高的收益,提高油气资源配置效率,就应引入市场竞争机制,吸引更多的矿业权主体参与到油气矿业权市场交易中。建议油气矿业权市场化改革要明确并降低油气矿业权市场准入条件,引入市场竞争;中央政府要充分考察地方政府的利益诉求,并加强监管;同时要建立各利益相关者间利益协调机制。

The market-style reform of oil and gas mining right is part of China′s ongoing reform in the oil and gas industry.However,this reform has been proceeding slowly,primarily due to the interest imbalance and conflict between stakeholders in the oil and gas mining right market,meaning that the key to the success in the mining right reform is how well the government can handle the relationship between these stakeholders.Based on the stakeholder theory,researchers identified the core stakeholders in the oil and gas mining right market as the central government,local governments and mining companies and developed a model to reflect the complete information dynamic gaming between the central government and local governments and a model to simulate the gaming between the central government and mining companies.The tactics taken by the cen-tral government in the oil and gas mining right reform will have an influence on the interest of the central government and local governments and whether a local government will cooperate depends on the distribution of interest.To get higher returns and improve the efficiency of allocating oil and gas resources,the central government should introduce market competition and attract more mining companies to participate in oil and gas mining right trading.According to this article,the oil and gas mining right reform should clearly define and lower mining right market access to introduce market competition.In addition,the central government should give full consideration to the interest demand from local governments and step up its regulation in this respect and establish a mechanism to coordinate the interests between stakeholders.