“煤-水”双资源型矿井开采技术方法与工程应用

Mining techniques and engineering application for “Coal-Water” dual-resources mine

由于我国东、西部地区煤-水资源呈逆向分布,为解决煤炭资源安全绿色开发、水资源供给、生态环保之间的尖锐矛盾和冲突,实现煤矿区水害防治、水资源保护利用、生态环境改善的多赢目标,在阐述"煤-水"双资源型矿井开采概念与内涵的基础上,提出了根据矿井主采煤层的具体充水水文地质条件优化开采方法和参数工艺、多位一体优化结合、井下洁污水分流分排、水文地质条件人工干预、充填开采等"煤-水"双资源型矿井开采的技术和方法。以蔚县矿区兴源矿为工程背景,提出了松散含水层下薄基岩区房式保水开采方案,建立了煤房"固支梁"力学模型,提出了基于让压理论的煤柱设计方法,修正了屈服煤柱上覆载荷计算公式。结果表明:主关键层的存在和稳定扩大压力拱的形成是屈服煤柱设计的关键,且屈服煤柱具有足够的强度支撑扩大压力拱下方的覆岩重量;采5留4、采5留5、采6留5等方案具有可靠的安全系数。

Due to the reverse distribution of coal and water resources in Eastern China and Western China,the mining techniques and methods were proposed based on the concept of mining for ＂Coal-Water＂dual-resources mine,which elaborated optimization of mining method,parameters and mining technology,optimization and combination of multinity,underground separation discharge of clean water and sewage,intervention of hydrogeological condition,filling mining based on the specific filling-water hydrogeological conditions of main mineable coal seam in order to address the problem of security and green development on coal resources,the supply of water resources,the sharp contradictions and conflicts between ecological balance and environmental protection; and realize the targets on controlling and protecting water inrush,the protection and utilization of water resources,and the improvement of ecological environment.A case study in Xingyuan coal mine of Yuxian mining area was carried out and analyzed.The mining method for the coal seam under the unconsolidated aquifer with thin bedrock and the mechanical model of clamped beam were established,and the author presented the design method of coal pillar based on the yielding theory and amended the calculation formula of load overlying coal pillar.The results show that the key to the yielding pillar design is the existence of main key stratum and formation of stable expansion pressure,and the strata weight under expanding pressure arch was supported by the yielding pillar with enough strength. The safety coefficient is larger under the following three conditions： room 5 m,while pillar 4 m; room 5 m,while pillar 5 m; and room 6 m,while pillar 5 m.