日粮中鱼蛋白水解物对黄颡鱼生长、体成分和血清生理指标的影响

Effects of fish protein hydrolysate on growth,body composition and serum biochemical parameters of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

为了探讨鱼蛋白水解物对黄颡鱼生产性能的影响,以日本鳀粉为对照,以实用型黄颡鱼饲料配方模式为基础开展实验:1以30.5%鱼粉为对照(FM),在相同配方模式下,以6%鱼蛋白水解物(MPH6)替代20%的鱼粉;2以30.5%鱼粉为对照(FM),在无鱼粉日粮中分别添加3%(FPH3)、6%(FPH6)、12%(FPH12)鱼蛋白水解物;共设计5组等氮等能实验日粮,在池塘网箱中养殖黄颡鱼[初始体质量(30.08±0.35)g]60 d。结果显示:与FM相比,FPH12在SGR、FCR、PRR和FRR方面均无显著差异,而MPH6、FPH3、FPH6组SGR降低了15.45%~24.39%,FCR升高了32.14%~42.86%,MPH6、FPH6差异显著,在PRR和FRR方面,MPH6、FPH3、FPH6组PRR降低了21.11%~27.78%,MPH6组FRR降低了41.51%;全鱼水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分各组间差异不显著,FPH3、FPH6、FPH12肌肉多种游离氨基酸水平显著高于FM,其中Thr、Val、His与其在日粮中的水平显著相关;FPH6组HSI显著低于FM,鱼蛋白水解物对CP、VSI、肠体比的影响不显著;血清AST、ALT、HDL、LDL、TP、CHOL、TG无显著差异,FPH3组ALB显著低于FM。研究表明:黄颡鱼日粮中,12%鱼蛋白水解物(干物质)与30.5%鱼粉在生长速度、饲料效率、血清生理指标等方面具有一定的等效性;过高的植物蛋白日粮影响了黄颡鱼的生产性能;饲喂鱼蛋白水解物日粮使黄颡鱼肌肉游离氨基酸的含量升高,特别是呈味氨基酸的含量增加。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fish protein hydrolysate on yellow catfish growth,body composition and serum indicators.In practical yellow catfish formulation mode,a control with anchovy fish meal was prepared.1 A control diet containing 305 g commercial fish meal/kg diet（FM） was prepared,and 6%of fish protein hydrolysate partially replaced 20% fishmeal（MPH6） at the same formulation mode.2 With 305 g commercial fish meal/kg diet（FM） as the control,inclusion levels of FPH in 3%（FPH3）,6%（FPH6）,12%（FPH12） were added into non-fishmeal diets directly,and the five experimental diets were isonitrogenous,isolipidic and isoenergetic.The diets were fed triplicate groups of yellow catfish [initial body weight（30.08±0.35）g] for 60 days in outdoor farming system.The results showed that,the SGR,FCR,PRR and FRR of FPH12 have no significant difference with 30% FM,but MPH6,FPH3,FPH6 decreased by 15.45%–24.39%,FCR increased by 32.14%–42.86%.In PRR and FRR,the PRR of MPH6,FPH3,FPH6 decreased by 21.11%–27.78%,FRR of MPH6 decreased by 41.51% compared with FM.The moisture,crude protein,crude fat and ash of fish have no significant difference in all diets,and a variety of free amino acids in fillets of high plant protein dietary is significantly higher than that of FM,and partially the levels of Thr,Val,His in the dietary is significantly associated.There were no significant differences of HSI,CP,VSI,intestinal length/body length,AST,ALT,HDL,LDL,TP,CHOL,TG compared with FM,except the ALB of FPH3.So,there is a certain equivalence between12% fish protein hydrolysate with FM on yellow catfish growth,feed utilization and indicators;too high plant protein has a significant negative impact on growth performance,and fish protein hydrolysate can elevate the levels of free amino acids in fillets,particularly flavor amino acids.