论“无为而治”与“吾与点也”——理想社会架构下圆满生命状态的显现

On “Govern by Doing Nothing” and “I Agree with Dian”——Emergence of a Perfect State of Life in an Ideal Social Structure

"无为而治"与"吾与点也"是《论语》中异类的存在,历代以来相关的诠释也一直是众说纷纭。从"无为"的指向出发,梳理孔子的思想脉络,理解两者所表达的真正涵义,并找到两者的逻辑联系,我们可以发现,"无为而治"体现的真正含义是孔子对理想社会的构建所独有的富含儒家特色的思路与设想,而"吾与点也"则是处于这个理想社会的个体生命状态的显现。理解两者在孔子思想中的关系及其作用,可以帮助我们更深刻地理解孔子的思想。

＂Govern by doing nothing＂ and ＂I agree with Dian＂ are heterogeneous existence in The Analects of Confucius ; interpretations vary greatly in history. This paper, from the reference of ＂doing nothing＂, sorts out the thread of Confucius＇ thinking, tries to understand the real meanings of these two expressions and to find out their logical relations. One may find ＂govern by doing nothing＂ really means the Confucian idea and assumption that only exist in Confucius＇ ideal social structure, and ＂I agree with Dian＂ is an emergence of the state of individual＇ s life in this ideal society. Understanding the relations and functions of these two expressions will be helpful for a better understanding of Confucius＇ thinking.