深埋隧洞涌水量预测数值模型研究进展

Review of numerical study on groundwater inflow forecasting in deep-buried tunnel construction

深埋隧洞具有高地温、高地应力和高外水压力等特点,随着隧洞施工的进行,围岩中原有的渗流条件被破坏,会产生涌、突水危害。涌水量的预测方法主要有水均衡法、解析法、数值模拟法等。常用的数值模拟方法主要包括:有限分析法、有限单元法、有限体积法、有限差分法和边界元法等。数值模拟法能更好地刻画复杂构造和边界条件,但存在选取模型和建模刻画不合理导致失真的缺点。为了系统地总结和分析各模型在工程应用中的优缺点,本文总结了目前常用的隧洞涌水量预测数值模型,对比分析了各模型的结构特征和使用环境,提出合理的建议,为今后深埋隧洞涌水量预测模型的建立和发展提供参考。

The deep buried tunnel has the characteristics of high temperature, high power and high water pressure. The original flow condition of the surrounding rock will change with the tunnel construction and water burst hazard would be induced. The main forecasting methods of water inflow include water balance method, analytical method, numerical simulation method etc. The commonly used numerical simulation methods mainly include finite analytic method, finite element method, finite volume product, finite point method and the boundary element method etc. The numerical simulation method could be better to describe complex structure and boundary conditions, but there are some shortcomings if model selection and model describing irrational would lead to results distortion. In order to systematically summarize the advantages and disadvantages of each model in application, the common groundwater inflow forecasting numerical models are discussed by comparative analyzing the structural characteristics and application scopes. Recommendation is proposed and it could be referred for the establishment and development of numerical modes for groundwater inflow forecasting.