陪护家属心理疏导行为与肝癌住院患者焦虑抑郁的相关性分析

Correlation analysis between psychological counseling behaviors of accompanying family members and anxiety and depression of inpatients with hepatocellular carcinoma

目的 了解陪护家属对肝癌住院患者心理疏导的现状及其与肝癌患者焦虑抑郁的相关性.方法 采用自行设计的问卷对45例肝癌住院患者的陪护家属进行心理疏导行为调查,同时,对该45例肝癌住院患者进行焦虑和抑郁评分,并分析家属陪护行为与肝癌住院患者焦虑和抑郁的相关性.结果 53.3%（24/45）的陪护家属与患者关系为配偶关系;陪护期间,每天与患者交谈时间≤2 h和〉2 h的陪护家属分别占20.0%（9/45）及80.0%（36/45）;肝癌住院患者焦虑发生率为28.9%（13/45）,抑郁发生率为77.8%（34/45）;陪护家属与肝癌患者是否配偶关系与肝癌患者抑郁发生率相关（χ2=10.470,P=0.005）,陪护家属每天与患者交谈时间是否〉2 h与肝癌患者焦虑和抑郁均相关（χ2=7.012,P=0.030和χ2=6.438,P=0.040）.陪护家属与患者交谈时间≤2 h/d的患者抑郁发生率更高（8/9）,在陪护家属与患者交谈时间〉2 h/d的患者中,交谈时间在4.1~6.0 h/d的患者焦虑发生率最低（1/12）.结论 由配偶陪护的肝癌住院患者抑郁发生率更低、程度更轻;陪护家属每天和患者交谈4.1~6.0 h最有利于降低肝癌住院患者的焦虑、抑郁发生率.建议医护人员鼓励配偶陪护,并对家属进行心理疏导技巧指导,以提高家属陪护效果,减轻肝癌住院患者的焦虑抑郁.

Objective To understand the correlation between psychological counseling behaviors of accompanying family members and anxiety and depression of inpatients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Used self-designed questionnaires to investigate the behaviors of 45 accompanying family members psychological counseling for their relative hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, at the same time, evaluated the anxiety and depression among those 45 hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, then analyzed the correlation between the accompanying family members＇ psychological counseling behaviors and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients＇ anxiety and depression. Results Among the accompanying family members,53.3%（24/45） were the spouses of the patients. During the accompanying nursing time, there were 20.0%（9/45） accompanying families told to their relative patients less than 2 hours per day, and 80.0%（36/45） told to the patients over 2 hours per day. The proportion of anxiety and depression in the hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was 28.9%（13/45） and 77.8% （34/45） respectively. Whether the relationship between the accompanying family members and the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were spouse relationship was related to the incidence of depression in the patients （χ2=10.470, P=0.005）, and whether the time accompanying family members spent in talking with the patients over 2 hours every day was correlative with the incidence of anxiety and depression in the patients （χ2=7.012, P =0.030 andχ2=6.438, P=0.040）. The patients who accompanying families told to them less than 2 hours per day suffered a higher depression rate （8/9）, and among the patients who accompanying families told to them over 2 hours per day, the lowest rate of anxiety （1/12） was found in the patients who accompanying families told to them around 4.1-6.0 hours per day. Conclusions The patients who are accompanied and cared by their spouses have lower depression rate and lesser depression extent. The accompanying families talk to the patients total 4.1-6.0 hours per day could most favorably reduce the incidence of anxiety and depression in the hospitalized patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.