甬台温地区海岸带土地开发利用强度变化研究

Intensity of coastal land exploitation and utilization in Yongtaiwen region

海岸带土地开发利用强度研究对更加理性化利用海岸带土地资源,提高海岸带综合管理能力,实现海岸带资源可持续发展意义重大.以1990年、2000年、2010年3个时期TM影像为数据源,提取不同时期的土地利用数据,分析了甬台温地区海岸带利用强度变化特征.结果表明:(1)1990~2010年甬台温地区海岸带主要土地利用类型为林地、耕地、建设用地,三者面积之和在不同时期均占研究区总面积的80%以上.(2)1990~2010年甬台温地区海岸带林地、耕地面积表现出逐渐减少的趋势,未利用地、建设用地、水域、养殖用地逐渐增加,滩涂面积前期增加后期减少.(3)1990~2000年和2000~2010年2个时间段的土地利用单一动态度表现出较大差异,土地利用综合动态度则表现为后10年为前10年的2.5倍.2000~2010年土地利用变化更加剧烈,而1990~2000年的土地利用空间差异较大.(4)杭州湾南岸岸区、椒江口岸区、瓯江口岸区和鳌江口岸区的土地利用程度总体较强.20年间,甬台温地区海岸带土地利用更加集约化,土地利用程度增强趋势明显.

The study on the intensity of coastal land development and utilization is of great significance for rational utilization of coastal land resources, improvement of integrated coastal management capacity and realization of sustainable development of coastal zone resources. By collecting the TM images of 1990, 2000 and 2010 as the data sources, and extracting the land use data at different periods, the analysis is conducted on the characteristics of coastal belt intensity in Yongtaiwen area. Its main findings are as follows：（1） From 1990 to 2010, the main types of land use in the coastal zone of Yongtaiwen region are forest land, cultivated land and construction land, accounting for more than 80% of the total area in study at different times.（2） From 1990 to 2010, the area of cultivated land in Yongtaiwen coastal area gradually decreased. In contrast, the unused land, construction land, water area and aquaculture land have been found to be gradually on rise. The beach area increased first, followed by decrease.（3） The single dynamic degree of land use in 1990~2000 and 2000~2010 indicates a big difference. From 2000 to 2010, the comprehensive land use dynamics of the studied area is 2.50 times that of 1990~2000. Land use change from 2000 to 2010 is more intensified, and the spatial difference of land use in 1990~2000 is larger.（4） The degree of land use of South bank of Hangzhou Bay, Jiaojiang Port Area, Oujiang Port Area and Aojiang Port Area is generally strong in the study period. In the past 20 years, the land use in the coastal zone of Yongtaiwen region is more intensive, and the degree of land use is more noticeable.