精准扶贫中农民争当贫困户的行为及其阐释--基于武汉近郊Q村的实地调查

The Phenomenon and its Interpretation of Farmers' Striving to Have a “Poor Household” Title Behavior in the Accurate Poverty Alleviation Process——Based on the field investigation of Q Village in the suburb of Wuhan Province

精准扶贫的"资源输入"却遭遇农户"争当贫困户"的意外性后果,这是多重因素共同影响的:首先,在国家层面,精准扶贫的新政策改变了农户的心态;其次,从农户自身来看,既有生计脆弱缺乏保障的客观原因,也有平均主义心态的主观原因;最后,从制度本身来讲,设计理念与实际偏离,评选机制又不够科学和公正,是引发农户行为的主要原因。面对精准扶贫实践出现的"非均衡性",今后要真正实现政策的目标,应根据实际情况来修正和确定贫困人口规模,完善现有的入户调查机制,切实发挥群众、党员、村民代表在精准识别中的作用,并加强督导和管理。

The phenomenon that the ＂resource input＂ of accurate poverty alleviation encountered farmers＇ striving to have a ＂Poor Household＂ title behavior in rural China, was caused by multiple factors. Firstly, the new system of accurate poverty alleviation changed farmers＇ mentality at the national level. And then, there were both objective reasons involving lacking of guarantee and livelihood vulnerability, and subjective ones of farmers＇ egalitarianism mentality. Finally, concerned with the whole system, the system design deviated from the reality, and the target group selected mechanism still lose its scientificity and impartiality, are the main reasons causing the current farmers＇ behavior. Facing the ＂ non-equilibrium＂ phenomenon in the accurate poverty alleviation practice, authors suggested revising and determining the impoverished population size according to the actual situation, improving the existing household survey mechanism, giving full play to the masses, members, representatives of villagers in accurate recognition of the role, and strengthening supervision and management in the future practice.