A型肉毒毒素防治瘢痕的机制与临床应用研究进展

Advances in the research of mechanism in prevention and treatment of scar with botulinum toxin type A and its clinical application

瘢痕是烧/创伤及外科手术术后愈合过程中一种常见的并发症，其本质是由于过度的愈合反应而导致的以Fb异常增殖和ECM过度沉积为特点的皮肤纤维增生性疾病。瘢痕不仅影响美观，而且累及关节等功能部位还会导致功能障碍，对患者的正常生活造成极大影响，给其家庭及社会带来沉重的经济负担，也给患者自身带来一系列心理负担[1,2]。瘢痕一旦形成，则通过非手术治疗的方法难以彻底去除，因此在创面愈合早期对其进行有效的预防具有重要意义，不仅可以抑制瘢痕过度增生而且可以防止严重瘢痕导致的各种畸形和功能障碍[3]。随着对瘢痕形成的分子机制研究的不断深入，瘢痕防治的新方法不断出现，但效果不尽如人意，治疗后的复发和各种不良反应制约着各种方法的推广应用。

Scar is a common complication in wound healing process, and how to effectively prevent and treat it is a hot and difficult problem in burns and plastic surgery field. Botulinum toxin type A is a neurotoxin that has been widely and effectively used in the cosmetic surgery field such as anti-wrinkle and thin face. In recent years, botulinum toxin type A has been applied in prevention and treatment of scar, which causes a great concern. Nowadays, the relevant reports have gradually increased, and the mechanisms have been explored more deeply. This article aims to summarize the possible mechanisms and clinical reports on the prevention and treatment of scar by botulinum toxin type A to provide a new way for the prevention and treatment of scar after surgery.