赤水乌骨鸡肌肉生长抑制素基因多态性及其与肉质性状的关联分析

Polymorphisms of MSTN Gene and Its Association with Meat Quality Traits in Chishui Black-bone Chicken

本研究旨在探讨肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin,MSTN)基因多态性及其与赤水乌骨鸡肉质的关联性。采用DNA池、PCR产物直接测序方法对赤水乌骨鸡MSTN基因的外显子进行多态性检测,结果发现,在赤水乌骨鸡MSTN基因的外显子1中检测到1个SNP位点C324T,表现为3种基因型,分别命名为CC、CT和TT,而在MSTN基因外显子2、3上没有发现多态位点。对基因型与肉质性状关联分析显示,CT基因型胸肌、腿肌pH均显著高于CC和TT基因型(P<0.05),CT基因型剪切力显著高于TT基因型(P<0.05),其他肉质性状在不同基因型间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。此结果提示,MSTN基因对赤水乌骨鸡pH和剪切力具有较大的遗传效应,初步推断MSTN是控制这一性状的众多基因之一,且可能是影响赤水乌骨鸡pH和剪切力的一个主效基因或与主效基因相连锁,可作为选育赤水乌骨鸡pH和剪切力的分子标记,用于标记辅助选择意义重大。

This study was aimed to analyze the association of myostatin （MSTN） gene polymorphisms with meat quality traits in Chishui Black-bone chicken. The DNA pooling was constructed and the direct sequencing technology of PCR product was used to detect the single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） of MSTN gene. The results showed that C324T were detected in exon 1 of MSTN gene in Chishui Black-bone chicken. However, there was not found SNP site in exon 2 and exon 3 of MSTN gene. The C324T site was devised into three genotypes of CC, CT and TT. The association relationships between the genotype of MSTN gene and meat quality traits revealed that chest muscle pH and leg muscle pH value of Chishui Black-bone chicken with CT genotype were significantly higher than that of CC and TT genotypes （P〈0.05）, the shear force of CT genotype was significantly higher than that of TT genotype （P〈0.05）, there was no significant difference in other meat quality traits （P〉0.05）. This results suggested that the pH value and shear force of MSTN gene had a larger genetic effect in Black-bone chicken,MSTN gene was one of genes which could control the preliminary inference, might affect the pH value and shear force or with the main gene chain in Black-bone chicken, and could be used as pH value and shear force of molecular markers of Black-bone chicken.