运用研究性学习培养复杂工程问题解决能力

Cultivating the Competence of Solving Complex Engineering Problems by Using PBL

复杂工程问题的解决能力不仅是我国高校拟认证工程专业毕业生必须具备的核心能力,也应该成为我国所有本科工程专业毕业生应该具备的能力。本文聚焦在分析和讨论如何运用研究性学习培养学生的复杂工程问题解决能力这一重要主题。在回答为什么研究性学习最适合于复杂工程问题解决能力培养的问题后,首先讨论如何设计适用于研究性学习的复杂工程问题,其次提出完整的问题复杂性渐进式递增的研究性学习模式,第三从问题情境、教学活动和学习环境三方面讨论解决复杂工程问题需要的教学设计,最后集中分析培养复杂工程问题解决能力的四种学习方式,以期为我国高校的工程专业在复杂工程问题解决能力的培养上提供参考和借鉴。

The paper aims to provide the reference for engineering majors in China＇s universities to cultivate the competence of solving complex engineering problems （CPEs）. The competence of solving CEPs is not only one of the core competences for the graduates of engineering majors who intend to pass accreditation, but also for all graduates of bachelor engineering majors in China. The paper focuses on the analysis and discussion of how to train the ability of solving CEPs by using PBL. After discussing why PBL is mostly suitable for training the ability of solving CEPs, the paper firstly explores how to design CEPs suitable for PBL, then puts forward the whole study models in which the problem complexity are increased progressively, and thirdly discusses the teaching design from the aspects of problem situations, teaching activities and learning environment. It finally proposes four learning styles of training the ability of solving CEPs.