妊娠期甲状腺功能减退症对子代影响的研究进展

Progress of effects of hypothyroidism during pregnancy on the offspring

甲状腺功能减退症是育龄期和怀孕妇女最常见的内分泌疾病之一。妊娠期甲状腺功能减退症可增加多种妊娠并发症、不良妊娠结局的发生率，对胎儿及新生儿亦产生不良影响，如死胎、胎盘早剥、胎儿畸形、宫内发育迟缓及早产儿、低出生体质量儿、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征发生率增加，少数还可引起新生儿甲状腺功能异常，重者可造成神经、心理、体格、智力发育异常甚至危及生命。因此，建议育龄期高危妇女孕前、孕期加强甲状腺功能监测，及早规范治疗，以降低对子代的不良影响。

Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders in childbearing or pregnant women.Gestational hypothyroidism can increase the incidence rate of the variety of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcome.It also can make adverse effects on the fetus and neonate, such as death, placental abruption, fetal malformation, intrauterine growth retardation and preterm, low birth weight, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, it can also cause abnormal thyroid function of neonate, severely can cause nerve, mental, physical and mental developmental abnormalities and even death.Therefore, it is recommended that childbearing women who are at high risk for pregnancy should strengthen to monitor pregnancy thyroid function and treat as soon as possible in order to reduce the adverse effects on offspring.