新型机械弹性车轮包容特性的力学研究

Mechanical Study on Enveloping Characteristics for New Mechanical Elastic Wheel

利用有限元分析和试验测试方法对新型机械弹性车轮的包容特性进行了力学研究。通过平面及障碍物作用下车轮垂向力学特性的分析,揭示了障碍物截面形状对车轮垂向力学响应的影响规律,并验证了所建模型的可靠性。基于车轮非线性有限元模型和台架试验,分析了车轮在三种不同截面障碍物作用下的低速稳态包容特性,并研究了车轮通过障碍物后的垂向和纵向动态力学响应的变化规律,及负荷和障碍物截面形状对包容特性的影响。结果表明:车轮垂向力响应随负荷的增加由抛物线形过渡到马鞍形,车轮纵向力响应随负荷的增加而增大,其变化曲线类似为正弦形状;且车轮垂向力和纵向力响应随障碍物高度的增加而增大;其响应峰值相对较低、变化较平缓,在一定载荷条件下,车轮表现出典型的包容特性。

The enveloping mechanical characteristics of new mechanical elastic wheel (MEW) were studied using the finite element analysis and test method in this paper. According to the analysis of vertical mechanical characteristics of MEW under the effect of plane and obstacles, the influence of types of cleats on variation regularity of vertical mechanical response was revealed, moreover, the reliability of the finite element model was verified. The MEW-enveloping characteristics while traversing the three different cross-section obstacles at low speed were investigated by the nonlinear finite element model and the bench testing. The vertical and longitudinal dynamic mechanical response while traversing different obstacles were illustrated, and the influence of load and types of cleats on enveloping characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the vertical force curves were from a parabola to a camel back shape with the increase of load. The longitudinal force response increased with the increase of the load, and the curves were similar to the sine shape. And the vertical and longitudinal force response increased with the increase of the height of the obstacle. Furthermore, the vertical and longitudinal mechanical response peak was relatively low, changed slowly, and the MEW had the typical enveloping characteristics under the certain load. © 2017, Editorial Department of JVMD. All right reserved.