中老年慢性病病人服药依从性现状及影响因素

Status quo and influencing factors of medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases

[目的]了解中老年慢性病病人服药依从性现状,探索影响中老年慢性病病人服药依从性的主要因素,为制定改善中老年慢性病病人服药依从性的干预措施提供理论和实践依据。[方法]采取多点横断面调查法,运用分层随机抽样,选择患有高血压、糖尿病和冠心病的中老年慢性病病人作为调查对象,以服药依从性量表为研究工具,进行现场发放问卷和走访居民住宅进行调查,获得有效问卷420份,采用SPSS 22.0录入和分析数据,运用描述性分析、卡方分析、多元线性回归分析等分析方法。[结果]420例病人服药依从性平均得分为17.12分。多元线性回归显示家庭月收入、首次诊断地点、职业是中老年慢性病病人服药依从性的影响因素。[结论]慢性病病人服药依从性总体较好,但城市中老年病人服药依从性得分高于农村中老年病人,应采用个体化的健康教育方针,提高慢性病病人自我管理能力。

Objective：To probe into the status of medication adherence of patients with chronic diseases in urban and rural area,and to explore the factors affecting medication adherence.Methods：Multi-point cross-sectional investigation and stratified random sampling were used to select the elderly patients with hypertension,diabetes or coronary heart disease.On-site questionnaires and visits were conducted for residential survey,a total of 420 valid questionnaires were obtained,and SPSS 22.0was used to write and analyze data.The descriptive analysis,chi square analysis,multivariate linear regression analysis methods were used.Results：420 patients＇ average score of medication adherence was 17.12.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the family＇s monthly income,the first diagnosis of location and occupation were the main influencing factors of the medication adherence of middle aged patients with chronic diseases.Conclusion：The level of medication adherence of patients with chronic diseases was good in general.The medication adherence of elderly and middle aged patients in urban area was higher than that of patients in the rural.Iindividual health education should be adopted to improve the patients self-management ability.