被动性社交网站使用与主观幸福感的关系：中介效应分析

Passive Use of Social Network Site and Subjective Well-Being:Mediating Effect Analysis

为探讨被动性社交网站使用行为、上行社会比较与主观幸福感的两个成分——情绪和生活满意度的关系,采用问卷法对1168名大学生进行调查。结果发现:(1)被动性社交网站使用与上行社会比较和消极情绪显著正相关,与积极情绪以及生活满意度显著负相关;上行社会比较与积极情绪以及生活满意度都呈显著负相关,与消极情绪显著正相关;积极情绪与生活满意度显著正相关;消极情绪与生活满意度显著负相关;(2)被动性社交网站使用对情绪和生活满意度都没有直接的预测作用,但能通过上行社会比较的中介作用预测积极情绪、消极情绪和生活满意度;(3)被动性社交网站使用还可以通过两条链式中介作用预测生活满意度:通过上行社会比较和积极情绪的链式中介作用;通过上行社会比较和消极情绪的链式中介作用。研究结果进一步揭示了被动性社交网站使用与主观幸福感的关系及其作用机制,能为网络时代个体维护和提升主观幸福感提供有益启示。

Social network sites （SNSs） have integrated into people＇s daily life. The impacts of social network sites have reeeivad much attentiun from relevant scholars. Previous studies mainly focused on the active use of social network sites such as self-presentation or self-disclosure. They found that self-presentation and self-disclosure contributed to increases in social capital, self-esteem and life satisfaction, as well as decreases in loneliness. However, social network sites also make it easier for individuals to obtain others＇ information. Many people passively use social network sites for content consumption without disclosing information. Studies revealed that passive use of social network sites had negative effects on emotional well- being and life satisfaction which are the two key factors of subjective well-being. However, less is known about the underlying mechanism whereby the passive use of social network sites influences the subjective well-being. According to the social comparison theory and existing studies, upward social comparison may be a vital factor playing mediating roles in the association between the passive use of social network sites and the subjective well-being. In addition to the mediating effect of upward social comparison in the passive use of social network sites and the subjective well-being, there might be chain mediation of upward social comparison and affects in the association between the passive use of social network sites and life satisfaction. To investigate the relationships between the passive use of social network site, upward social comparison, passive affects, negative affects and life satisfaction, a survey research method was used in the form of the scales for the passive use of social network sites, upward social comparison, positive and negative affects as well as life satisfaction which were administered to 1,168 undergraduates. Data were collected and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 and Amos 20.0. The results indicated： （1） The passive use of social network sites was positively associated with the upward social comparison and negative affects, and negatively associated with positive affects and life satisfaction; the upward social comparison on social network sites was positively related to negative affects and negatively related to positive affects and life satisfaction; positive affects were positively related to life satisfaction and negative affects were negatively related to life satisfaction. （2） The passive use of social network sites had no significant direct effects on positive affects, negative affects and life satisfaction, but it could predict them through the mediating effects of the upward social comparison. （3） The passive use of social network sites could also predict life satisfaction through two chain mediating effects： through the chain mediating role of upward social comparison and positive affects; through the chain mediating role of upward social comparison and negative affects. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of what the effect of the passive use of social network sites on subjective well-being may be and how the passive use of social network sites influences the subjective well-being. Besides, the present study can offer some useful suggestions for protecting and promoting the subjective well-being in the Internet era.