软米型高产优质弱感光组合丰田优981的选育及应用

Breeding and application of Fengtianyou 981,a high-yield,fine quality and weakly photosensitive indica hybrid rice with soft grain

【目的】培育杂种优势强、营养生长周期稳定、适应性广及米质优的弱感光型杂交稻新组合,实现华南稻区弱感光杂交稻组合的升级换代。【方法】2011年以广西农业科学院水稻研究所最新育成的软米型不育系丰田1A与自选育的广亲和强优势新恢复系桂981配组后,2012~2013年在广西农业科学院水稻研究所高产示范基地进行生产品比试验,2013~2015年推荐参加桂南稻作区晚造感光组区域筛选试验、区域试验和生产试验,考察其综合性状。【结果】丰田优981丰产性好、稳产性强、适应性广、米质优。全生育期112.0 d左右,比对照博优253短5 d左右,穗粒数168粒,结实率88.6%,千粒重25 g,米粒长宽比3.6,直链淀粉含量13.4%。在2012和2013年的广西农业科学院水稻研究所生产品比试验中,丰田优981平均产量为7785.0和7687.5 kg/ha,分别比对照博优253增产9.50%和5.60%;2013年区域筛选试验平均产量为8163.0 kg/ha,比对照博优253增产11.48%;2014和2015年区域试验平均产量为7948.5和7917.0 kg/ha,比对照分别增产9.17%和10.61%;2015年生产试验平均产量为7209.0 kg/ha,比对照增产4.74%;2016年通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定(桂审稻2016009号)。【结论】丰田优981应用前景良好,可在桂南和桂中稻作区适宜种植感光型品种植的地区作晚稻种植。

【Objective】Breeding of weakly photosensitive indica hybrid rice variety with strong heterosis, high yield, fine quality, wide adaptability and stable vegetative growth was conducted to provide selection for varieties upgrading in China. 【Method】Fengtian-1A, a indica CMS line with soft grains developed by Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2011 was cross bred with Gui 981, a strong new restoring line. The comprehensive trait performances of the offspring were investigated in variety comparative test during 2012-2013 in demonstration base of Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. During 2013-2015, it was recommended to join regional screening trial of late-cropping photosensitive rice groups in southern Guangxi for screening trial, regional trial and production trial in order to evaluate its comprehensive traits. 【Result】Fengtianyou 981, has the characteristics of high yield, stability, wide adaptability and fine quality. Its growth duration was 112.0 d, 5 d shorter than that of Boyou 253. The variety was charactered by 168 grains per panicle, seed setting rate 88.6% and 1000-grain weight 25 g, length-width ratio 3.6 and amylose content 13.4%. In variety comparative test conducted by Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2012 and 2013, the average yields of Fengtianyou 981 were 7785.0 and 7687.5 kg/ha respectively, increased by 9.50% and 5.60% compared to control Boyou 253. In regional screening trial, the average yields of Fengtianyou 981 was 8163.0 kg/ha, up 11.48% compared to control Boyou 253 in 2013. The average yields in regional trials in 2014 and 2015 were 7948.5 and 7917.0 kg/ha respectively, increased by 9.17%, and 10.61% compared to control Boyou 253. In productive trial in 2015, the average yield was 7209.0 kg/ha, which increased by 4.74% compared to control. It was approved by Guangxi Crop Variety Appraisal Committees in 2016（Guishendao 2016009）. 【Conclusion】Fengtianyou 981 has a promising application prospect, and can be promoted as late-cropping rice in south and middle Guangxi where weakly photosensitive indica hybrid rice is suitable for planting.