一种阵列互耦影响下的目标直接定位算法及其理论性能分析

A Direct Position Determination Approach for Radio Emitters in Presence of Mutual Coupling

相比传统的两步定位方法,以Weiss和Amar等人提出的目标位置直接确定方法具有定位精度高、目标分辨率高、可避免"目标-量测"匹配等优势.本文基于该类定位方法的思想,提出了一种利用单个运动天线阵列对目标辐射源的直接定位算法.与已有直接定位算法不同的是,文中新算法考虑了阵列互耦的影响,并且能够实现阵列互耦参量和目标位置参量的解耦合估计.此外,文中还基于矩阵特征值扰动理论,定量推导了新算法参数估计的理论方差(包括目标位置估计方差和互耦向量估计方差),并且给出了全部参量估计方差的克拉美罗界.最后,该文通过仿真实验验证了新算法的优越性和理论分析的有效性.

Compared to the conventional two-step localization method, the direct position determination （DPD） methods presented by Weiss and Amar have more advantages, such as high precision, strong resolution capability, no measurements-sources association issue,etc. Based on the idea behind the novel localization mechanism,a new DPD method using the passive measurements made with a moving antenna array is proposed in this paper. Unlike the previous approaches, the proposed DPD method considers the effects of array mutual coupling and can decouple the target＇ s positions and mutual coupling coefficients so that they can be solved separately. In addition, the theoretical estimation variance of the new DPD algorithm is derived in analytical manner based on the matrix eigen-perturbation theory. Final/y, simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm and the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis in this paper.