护理专案改善在提高门诊慢性肾脏病患者自我管理能力中的应用研究

Application of nursing project in improving self-management ability of outpatients with chronic kidney disease

目的提高慢性肾脏病患者的自我管理能力。方法运用专案改善方法分析慢性肾脏病患者自我管理能力差的原因,制订随访管理及健康教育标准化方案,分析84例门诊慢性肾脏病3~4期患者实施改善方案干预后自我管理能力水平、随访、服药和饮食依从性及各生理指标达标率的变化。结果干预后,患者的自我管理能力各维度得分和随访、服药和饮食依从性均显著提高(P<0.05),收缩压和血尿酸达标率较干预前改善显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论实施护理专案改善可提高门诊慢性肾脏病3~4期患者自我管理能力和随访、服药及饮食依从性,改善其生理指标。

Objective To enhance patients＇ abilities in self-management. Methods We used the nursing project method to analyze reasons and develop standard process of follow-up management and health education. A retro- spective analysis of 84 patients with stage 3 to 4 CKD was performed by nursing project method. This analysis compared the changes after the intervention program,including the ability of self-management,follow-up,medication and diet compliance ,and the control rate of physiological indicators. Results By comparison with the intervention before and after,there were significant improvements in each dimension of self-management ability （P〈0.001）,follow-up, medication and diet compliance were significantly improved（P〈0.05）,and there were significant improvements in the control rate of systolic pressure and blood uric acid（P〈0.001）,the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The application of nursing project can improve self-management ability, the compliance of follow-up,medication and diet as well as physiological indicators in patients with stage 3 to 4 CKD.