胶体金法检测A群轮状病毒的应用分析

Analysis of Application of Colloidal Gold Method in Detection of A-group Rotavirus

目的分析胶体金法对A群轮状病毒临床检测的应用。方法以我院2013年1月至2015年12月期间收治的1970例腹泻患儿为研究对象,进行回顾性分析。取患儿的新鲜粪便采用A群轮状病毒诊断试剂盒(即胶体金法)进行检测,对检测结果与患儿的性别、年龄、年份、月份之间的关系进行比较。结果 1970例腹泻患儿中,男性患儿的阳性率为29.85%,女性患儿的阳性率为32.46%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2013年至2015年连续三年的轮状病毒检测阳性率分别为:34.29%、30.10%、29.01%,经统计学检验,三年的阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);<0.5岁、0.5~2岁、2~3岁、3~5岁、≥5岁的患儿的轮状病毒阳性率分别为:20.48%、39.43%、38.56%、15.95%、16.54%,经统计学比较,不同年龄段患儿的轮状病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中0.5~2岁,2~3岁阳性率最高,显著高于其他年龄段(P<0.05),3~5岁、≥5岁年龄段的阳性率显著低于其它年龄段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患儿在各月份的阳性率检测结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中11月份~2月份患儿的阳性率最高,分别为36.25%、45.72%、42.75%、38.40%,显著高于其他月份,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其次以3月、4月、5月、10月的阳性率较高,分别为:34.320%、25.0%、19.65%、17.20%,显著高于6月、7月、8月、9月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中以6月、7月、8月、9月的阳性率最低,分别为:8.65%、7.87%、5.71%、4.35%,显著低于其它月份,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 A群轮状病毒感染是引起患儿腹泻的主要原因之一,本文使用胶体金法对腹泻患儿进行A群轮状病毒临床检测,发现2013年至2015年阳性率差异无统计学意义,该病毒感染与患儿性别无关,与年龄和月份有关,其中3岁以下为高发年龄,11月份至2月份为高发月份。

Objective To analyze the application of colloidal gold method in the clinical detection of rotavirus group A. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 1970 diarrhea children from January 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital. Taking the fresh feces of children and using the A group rotavirus diagnostic kit（ colloidal gold method） to detect ,the results of the test were compared with the children＇s gender, age, year and month. Results Among the 1970 cases, the positive rate of male children was 29. 85 % and 32.46% in female children, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05 ）. From 2013 to 2015, the posi- tive rate of virus detection was 34. 29% ,30. 10% and 29.01% every year,there was no statistically difference in the rates of three years（ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The positive rates of rotavirus in children aged 〈 0. 5, 0. 5 - 2,2 - 3,3 - 5, ≥ 5 （ years old） were 20. 48%, 39. 43% ,38.56%, 15.95% and 16. 54% respectively. The rotavirus positive rates in children of different age groups had statistically difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Among them, the positive rate of 0. 5 - 2 years old group and 2 - 3 years old group were the highest, which was significantly higher than that of other age groups（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. 3 -5 years old group and ≥ 5 years old group were significantly lower than other age groups（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The positive rate of each month showed significant difference, and the statistical test was statistically significant（P 〈 0.05 ）. From January to February, the positive rate of children was the highest, 36. 25%, 45.72%, 42. 75% and 38.40% respectively ,which was significantly higher than that of other months （ P 〈 0.05 ）, followed by March, April, May, October （P 〈 0.05 ）, the positive rate were 34. 320% ,25.0% , 19.65% and 17. 20% respectively,which was significantly higher than that in June, July, August and September （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The positive rates in June, July, August and September were 8.65 % , 7. 87 % , 5.71% and 4. 35 % respectively, which were significantly lower than those of other months （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion A group rotavirus infec- tion is one of the main causes of diarrhea in children. In this paper, colloidal gold method was used to detect the rotavirus of group A and found no significant difference from2013 to 2015 in positive rate. The virus infection has nothing to do with child sex but is related to age and month, of which ≤ 3 years old is the high incidence of age, November to February are high hair months.