中药对心肌缺血再灌注损伤过程中自噬的调控

Regulatory effects of traditional Chinese medicine on autophagy in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury

自噬是一种利用溶酶体来清除细胞内不必要或受损的细胞器,以维持细胞内环境稳态的基本过程。近年来的研究表明,自噬在心肌缺血再灌注过程中发挥着重要的作用。在心肌缺血阶段,适度的自噬可以保护细胞免受各种压力;然而在再灌注阶段时,过度的自噬使细胞死亡进一步增强。因此,自噬在心肌缺血再灌注过程中具有的双重作用为心脏疾病的治疗提供了新的治疗靶点。近年来,越来越多的中药被证实可以通过调节心肌细胞的自噬水平,通过增强自噬或抑制自噬,对受损心肌产生保护作用。该文综述了心肌缺血再灌注损伤过程中自噬的主要分子机制和作用及中药对其的调控作用。

Autophagy is a basic process of eliminating unnecessary or damaged organelles by lysosome to maintain the internal envi- ronment homeostasis. Recent studies have revealed that autophagy plays an important role in pathology of myocardial ischemia reperfu- sion. In the phase of ischemia, moderate autophagy can protect the cells against various stress; but in the phase of reperfusion, exces- sive autophagy can increase the death of cells. Therefore, the dual role of autophagy in myocardial ischemia reperfusion provides a new therapeutic target for the treatment of heart disease. In recent years, more and more Chinese medicines have been proved to adjust the autophagy in myocardial cells, and protect the damaged myocardium by enhancing or inhibiting autophagy. This article would review the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its role in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury as well as the regulation effect of Chinese medicine on it.