临床常用中西药血药浓度的比较与分析

Comparision and analysis on the blood concentration of common Chinese medicine and Western medicine

血药浓度在一定程度上决定了药物效应的发挥。目前普遍认为中药体内化合物血药浓度较低,但对其低的程度及是否可以在此浓度水平下发挥药效,尚无充分的研究依据及文献报道。本文通过检索Scifinder、Pubmed和CNKI中英文数据库,对69篇文献进行了整理汇总,统计了73种西药在人体内的最小有效血药浓度及40种中药(单味或复方)给药后211种化学成分的最大血药浓度,分析比较了临床常用西药的最小有效血药浓度及中药体内成分最大血药浓度。结果发现,中药绝大多数体内化合物的最大血药浓度远小于西药最小有效血药浓度,即分别有17种西药(占所统计西药数量的23%)最小有效血药浓度和143种中药体内化合物(占所统计中药化学成分数量的68%)最大血药浓度小于100 ng·mL^(-1);31种西药(占所统计西药数量的42%)最小有效血药浓度和20种中药体内化合物(占所统计中药化学成分的9%)最大血药浓度大于1 000 ng·mL^(-1)。本文根据文献资料对中西药血药浓度进行较为系统的综述与比较,为深入探讨中药药效物质基础及其作用机制的研究提供新的思路及参考。

To a certain extent, the drug effect is determined by its blood concentration. It is generally accepted that the blood concentrations of constituents of Chinese medicines are very low. There is no sufficient experimental bases and references on its degree and the possibility of taking effect. In this study, 69 papers were collected and analyzed by searching the database of Scifinder, Pubmed, CNKI. The minimum effective blood concentrations of 73 common Western medicines and the maximum blood concentrations of 211 in vivo constituents of 40 Chinese medicines（single herb or compound Chinese medicine） were summarized. It was found that the maximum blood concentrations of the most in vivo constituents of Chinese medicines were much less than the minimum effective blood concentrations of the Western medicines. Specifically, the minimum effective blood concentrations of 17 Western medicines（23% of total） and the maximum blood concentrations of the 143 in vivo constituents of Chinese medicines（68% of total） were less than 100 ng·mL^-1; the minimum effective blood concentrations of 31 Western medicines（42% of total） and the maximum blood concentrations of the 20 in vivo constituents of Chinese medicines（9% of total） were more than 1 000 ng·mL^-1. In this paper, a systematic summary and comparison of the blood concentrations in traditional Chinese medicines and Western medicines were conducted, which could provide a new ideas and references for the study of the pharmacodynamical material basis and its mechanism in traditional Chinese medicine.