昆虫肠道微生物的多样性、功能及应用

Diversity,function and application of insect gut microbiota

昆虫肠道微生物种类繁多、数量巨大,在与宿主长期的协同进化过程中,不仅形成极为多样的种群结构,也进化出多样的生物学功能,对宿主的营养、生理、发育、防御、抗逆等方面都产生显著影响。近年来,越来越多的昆虫肠道微生物的多样性和生物学特性被揭示,具有农业、能源和环保价值的众多微生物种类和活性基因得到了开发,展现出巨大的应用潜力。本文将从昆虫肠道微生物的多样性、生物学功能、应用三个方面对近年来的研究进展进行总结,并进行展望。

There are many kinds of microbial species in the insect gut, which are huge in number. In the process of co-evolution with the host, the gut microbiota not only forms a diverse population structure, but also develops a variety of biological functions, including impact on the host＇s nutrition, physiology, development, defense, resistance to environmental stress, etc.. In recent years, the diversity and function of many insect intestinal microbes have been revealed, many microbial species and functional genes of medical, agricultural, bioenergy industry and environmental protection values have also been identified, which showed great potential for application. In this paper, we summarize the recent progress in the diversity, biological function and application of insect intestinal microbes, prospects are also discussed.