贸易开放是否影响了中国产业结构升级?

Does Trade Openness Affect the Upgrading of China's Industrial Structure?

研究目标:探讨贸易开放是否影响了中国产业结构升级。研究方法:利用2003~2014年省际面板数据,采用中介效应检验方法。研究发现:贸易开放在加快产业结构整体优化的同时还有助于服务业与工业内部行业的变革。同时,贸易开放可以借助增加物质资本积累、刺激消费需求、提升技术进步、促进制度变革等方式间接加速产业结构整体升级和产业结构高级化发展。加工贸易对产业结构升级的促进力度小于非加工贸易,东部地区对产业结构升级的促进力度大于中西部地区,欧美发达国家对产业结构升级的促进力度大于东亚发达国家。研究创新:深入探讨了贸易开放影响产业结构升级的理论机制,并从产业间与产业内视角构建多维产业结构升级指数检验贸易开放对产业结构升级的影响。研究价值:有利于缩小贸易区域差异以及环境承载力差异对产业结构升级的影响,为实现产业转型升级提供科学决策依据。

Research Objectives： To discuss whether trade openness can affect the upgrading of China＇s industrial structure. Research Method： We use the inter-provincial level data between 2003 and 2014, and the mediation effect test. Research Findings： The results show that trade liberalization not only can accelerate the overall optimization of the three industrial structures but also can help to the change of service industry and industry. Meanwhile, trade openness can indirectly promote the overall upgrading of industrial structure and the development of high-grade industrial structure by increasing physical capital accumulation, stimulating con- sumer demand, advancing technological progress, promoting institutional reform. The fur- ther analysis also finds that the promotion of the upgrading of industrial structure by pro- cessing trade is less than that of non-processing trade. The eastern areas are better than cen- tral and west areas in the industrial structure upgrading effect of trade openness. The devel- oped countries in Europe and America promote the upgrading of industrial structure more than developed countries in East Asia. Research Innovation： This paper discusses the theo- retical mechanism of the influence of trade openness on industrial structure upgrading. From the angle of inter industry and intra industry, we construct multidimensional industrial up- grading indicators to test the influence of trade openness on the upgrading of industrial struc- ture. Research Value： It is beneficial to narrow the difference of regional trade and the differ- ence of environmental carrying capacity to upgrade the industrial structure, and provide sci- entific decision-making basis for industrial transformation and upgrading.