基于序关系和模糊综合评价的应急标识有效性研究

Study on the effectiveness of emergency signs based on ordering relation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

为改善西安市旅游景区在发生突发事件时的安全状况,提高旅游景区应急标识的有效性,提出了序关系法与模糊综合评价相结合的评价方法。通过划分游客的认知行为阶段,从人机工程学系统优化的角度构建应急标识有效性评价指标体系,然后利用序关系法计算出指标权重,运用模糊综合评价法对应急标识的有效性进行评价,提出景区应急标识的改进策略。结果表明:显著性对景区应急标识的有效性影响最大;位置设置、标识规格、辅助文字等指标对西安市旅游景区应急标识的有效性影响较大。3个景区的应急标识有效性由高到低顺序是:华清宫>兵马俑>大雁塔。景区应加强对应急标识的管理和加强对游客的安全管理和引导。

In order to improve the safety of tourism scenic spot in emergency, to improve the effectiveness of emergency signs in tourist attractions in Xi＇ an City, a new assessment method is proposed combining ordering relation method with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Through dividing cognitive behavioral pha- ses of tourists, an evaluation index system of effectiveness of emergency signs is constructed from per- spective of ergonomics system optimization, and then calculate the weight of each judgment index by the ordering relation method, finally use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods to study the effectiveness of emergency signs, to explore the improvement strategy of scenic spot＇ s emergency signs. The results show that ： the influence of significant on the effectiveness of the scenic spot＇ s emergency signs is the largest the effects of the factors of location settings, identification specifications and auxiliary text are more nota- ble. The effectiveness of the emergency signs of the three scenic spots from high to low order is ： Huaqing Palace 〉 Terra Cotta Warriors 〉 Great Wild Goose Pagoda. Therefore, the scenic spots should strengthen the management of emergency signs and enhance the safety management and guidance of tourists.