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分娩后产妇母乳喂养行为现状及其影响因素的调查分析 被引量:34

Current situation and influencing factors of maternal breastfeeding after the childbirth
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摘要 目的 调查上海地区产妇分娩后母乳喂养行为现状并分析其影响因素,以促进母乳喂养.方法 本研究是以医院为基础的纵向随访和问卷调查研究设计.在2015年10月—2016年1月期间,对上海市区8所爱婴医院门诊产检的孕晚期孕妇进行问卷调查,内容包括人口学特征和预期产后喂养方式.跟踪随访孕妇至分娩后,于出院当天展开第2次问卷调查,了解其分娩后基本情况及实际母乳喂养行为.结果 82.5%的孕妇在孕晚期具有母乳喂养意向,82.3%具有纯母乳喂养的意向.分娩后母乳喂养的产妇占56.4%(399/707),二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,对于初产妇,分娩后母乳喂养行为与孕晚期母乳喂养意向、年龄、户籍、下奶时间、婴儿是否在监护室待过5个变量有关.对于经产妇,分娩后母乳喂养行为与下奶时间和婴儿是否在监护室待过2个变量有关.结论 医护人员应重视对初产妇孕期母乳喂养的宣传,分娩后应将上海户籍的初产妇作为母乳喂养健康宣教的重点干预对象,住院期间医护人员应按照爱婴医院要求严格落实早吸吮、早接触措施,对于婴儿住进监护室的产妇均应加强母乳喂养知识与技巧宣教,保证婴儿不在期间产妇乳汁的正常分泌,从而提高其分娩后早期母乳喂养率. Objective To investigate the current situation of maternal breastfeeding after the childbirth in Shanghai and analyze its influencing factors, so as to improve breastfeeding.Methods In this study, longitudinal follow-up and questionnaire designed based on the hospital were carried out on pregnant women at the outpatient department in eight baby-friendly hospitals of Shanghai from October 2015 to January 2016. The questionnaires included demographic characteristics and their prospective feeding method after the childbirth. Pregnant women were followed up until the delivery was finished. At the time of hospitalization discharge,they were given the 2nd questionnaire containing the basic situation after the delivery and the actual breastfeeding behavior situation.Results The rates of pregnant women with the intention of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding during the third trimester were 82.5% and 82.3% respectively. After the delivery,56.4% (399/707) of mothers were breastfeeding. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that,for primipara group, breastfeeding behavior after the delivery was related to five factors:the breastfeeding intention in third trimester, age,household register,the time of onset of lactation and whether the baby was in the care unit;for multiparas group,breastfeeding behavior was related to two factors:the time of onset of lactation and whether the baby was in the care unit.Conclusions Health care workers should attach importance to the promotion of breastfeeding during pregnancy for primipara group and pay attention to the health education of the mothers with registeredpermanent residence of Shanghai. During the hospitalization,health care workers should strictly implement the "early sucking,early contact" as the baby-friendly hospital required,strengthen the breastfeeding knowledge and skill training for mothers whose babies are in the maternal care unit,ensure the normal lactation of mothers without their babies so as to improve the early breast-feeding rate after the delivery.
出处 《中华现代护理杂志》 2017年第19期2484-2490,共7页 Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
基金 上海长征医院青年启动基金课题(2016czQN17)
关键词 母乳喂养 纯母乳喂养 行为意向 孕晚期 Breastfeeding Exclusive breastfeeding Behavior intention Late pregnancy
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