人肠道病毒71型抗原表位的研究进展

Progress on Antigenic Epitopes of Human Enterovirus 71

人肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)是重症手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)的主要病原体。我国已研发多种针对EV71的灭活疫苗,在大规模临床试验中取得了理想效果,其中,两种疫苗已于2016年上市,有望在保护儿童健康方面发挥重要作用。由于EV71通过快速进化来逃避宿主的免疫保护作用,因此需要对EV71的变异,尤其是抗原表位部分的变异,进行持续性监测,并及时更新疫苗。该文系统地收集和整理了EV71的抗原表位,简介了表位鉴定的实验和生物信息学研究方法,概述了表位参与的宿主免疫反应及抗病毒机制并展望了其临床应用价值。

Human enterovirus 71（EV71） is the major pathogen of the hand, foot and mouth disease（HFMD）. Several inactive EV71 vaccines which elicited remarkable protective efficacy had been developed in China. Two of them had been launched in 2016 and they were expected to benefit many children. Since EV71 escaped the host＇s immune response through quick and continual evolution, the vaccines should be updated according to the consecutive surveillance of the genetic variations of the virus, especially for the variations occurring in the antigenic epitopes. We summarized the epitopes from the published papers, introduced the experimental and bioinformatics methods for identifying the epitopes, described the immune response and antiviral mechanisms that the epitopes were involved in, and discussed the potential clinic applications of the epitopes.